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1998: Western blots were unreadable in the sham OspA vaccine trials.
In the SmithKline trials (LYMErix), they could not read their Western Blots and claimed to use the Dearborn method which detects 15% of the cases.
In the Connaught trials (ImuLyme), they could not read their Western Blots, either.
Any new Lyme vaccines using triacyl lipoproteins (such as OspA) as the antigen likely will have the same issue. This is one reason the CDC, IDSA and the Lyme establishment are keen to use "modified two-tier testing" that eliminates the Western blot as the second tier and relies on two ELISAs.
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